The first Muslim dynasty that ruled the Empire of Caliphate after the end of the rule of Caliphs was the Umayyad dynasty. The Ummayads succeeded the Caliphate in 661 AD and ruled the Empire till 750 AD.

Do you know, What was the capital of the Umayyad dynasty?

The Umayyad made �Damascus� their capital instead of Medina. They extended the Arab Empire from Afghanistan, Baluchistan, and Central Asia in the East to Morocco in North Africa and towards Spain and France in the west.

Abd al-Malik was the ruler of the Umayyad dynasty. Under his reign, the Umayyad Caliphate reached its peak. He made �Arabic� the language of the administration. He replaced the Byzantine and Iranian coins and got the Arabic inscription struck on the gold dinar and silver coins.

Do you know, Who constructed the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem?

The famous monument the �Dome of the Rock� in Jerusalem was constructed by Abd al-Malik. This monument is associated with the Night Journey of the Prophet to Heaven (miraj).

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What is a Caliphate? Beginning and End of Caliphate - Islam Civilization